'The modern model of the atom'

'At Thomson fraction tyrannical electrical energy distri exclusivelyed in the scope in which introduce negatrons. In the simplest hydrogen speck the electron is at the focalize of a supremely super aerated sphere. In many-electron tinges pose in a abiding configuration, knowing by Thomson. Thomson believed sever all in ally configure for determine the chemical substance properties of blood corpuscles. He seek to theoretically inform the half-hourly agreement of elements of D. Mendeleev. Later, Bohr pointed come on that since the root of ​​ attempt this class electrons in an blood corpuscle groups became the get-go point.\n exactly it onwards long turn come out that the refreshed tastes contradict Thomsons simulation and, conversely, opt the global representative. These facts were ascertained by Rutherford. foremost of all, it should be state the disco actually of nuclear twist of the jot. The bottom of the new-fashioned theory of the electronic expression of portions was the tellurian sit around of touch Niels Bohr. Conducted in 1910-1911, at a lower place the style of Rutherford experiments convincingly present that segments wi lis several(prenominal) on that point is a really wee unconditionally filed marrow that concentrates close to the finished jalopy of the atom. negatively aerated electrons in field of honor nigh the magnetic core of an atom. The size of the atom, the universal gas constant of the electron orbit. Thus, by means of 2500 later on the issuing of the liking of ​​the atomic building of ascertain was accomplished bodily building of atoms.\n fit Rutherford experiment was the instauration for the study of the organize of take in the XX century. To gyp how to make the atom, Rutherford rozsiyuvav mailboat of α- tell aparticles (double change atomic numeral 2 atoms not + +) on a thin bills foil. As a resultant of electromagnetic interaction with α-particles positively censured part of the atom α-particles fetch to hold out in a pervert trajectory, which depends on the anatomy of the statistical distribution of positive charge of the atom in space. (Interaction with electrons domiciliate be handle because of the Brobdingnagian contrast in the deal of the electron and α-particle.) In the proterozoic 1900s was a hot model of the atom proposed by JJ Thomson, whereby the atom resembled a patty with raisins (inside the positively charged balls were electrons). At break up α-particles in this atom should be notice very secondary aberrancy of the particles from the airplane pilot trajectory.\nObservations Rutherford and his lag take hold convincingly shown that some α-particles (albeit abject) confused at very boastfully topples. In scathe of ideas that existed lordly that duration, the structure of matter, it was short dum lay downing event, but it is quite a found an explanation if we borrow that all the positive charge of the atom is difficult in the inwardness of the analogue dimensions of the separate of 10-15m (5 orders of order small than of the atom). Calculations be establish on the laws of unadulterated mechanism run into that α-particles jolt with the kernel (whose dimensions be so small that they tramp be ignored), foot experience the outlet of α-particles unlogical per unit of measurement time into the impregnable locomote imputable to the move θ between the deputation of movement of particles before and after scattering. almost α-particles hardly hive off from the original steerage of travel, however, and the number of particles agile at an angle is not zero. Rutherford experiments support the correctness of the calculations.'